Chapter 1 – Crop Production and Management
Questions Answers – Set 1
Q.1. Paddy cannot be grown in winter season. why?
Ans: Paddy requires a lot of water. So, it cannot be grown in winter season. It is grown only in the rainy season.
Q.2. Manuring is essential for growth of plants. What is manuring?
Ans: The process of providing manure to replenish the soil with nutrients is called manuring.
Q.3. The rabi crops are known as winter crops. Give reason.
Ans: The rabi crops are known as winter crops because they are grown in winter season, e.g., wheat, gram, etc.
Q.4. During which months do farmers grow mustard in India?
Ans: Farmers grow mustard during the months from October – March. Mustard is a rabi crop that is sown in beginning of winters (October – Nov) as they need low temperature and harvested at the end of winter (April – May).
Q.5. Is the time and frequency/of irrigation same for rice and cotton?
Ans: No, the time and frequency of irrigation is not same for rice and cotton. It varies from crop to crop.
Q.6. To overcome what problems, the modern methods of irrigation are used.
Ans: Traditional methods use manpower and animal power, and there is a wastage of water also during irrigation. To overcome these problems modern methods of irrigation are used.
Q.7. In agricultural practices, which of the following, comes first: Harvesting or sowing?
Ans: Sowing is done before harvesting.
Q.8. Pumps are often used in agriculture. Give its usage.
Ans: Pumps are commonly used for lifting water.
Q.9. If you are given a dry piece of land for cultivation, what will you do before sowing the seeds?
Ans: If the field is dry for cultivation, the soil preparation is done before sowing of crops. Preparation of dry soil includes watering, tilling and ploughing.
Q.10. Pick out the odd one from the following words given in the box and give reason for it.
Plough, Seed drill, Hoe, Chain pump, Sickle
Ans: Seed drill is an odd pair in the above given set of tools as it is a modern agricultural tool used to sow seeds at uniform distances and to properly cover them with soil.
Q.11. Give names of two traditional methods and two modern methods of irrigation.
Ans: Traditional methods of irrigation are dhekli and moat and modern methods are sprinkler system and drip system.
Q.12. Is there any advantage of using a cultivator?
Ans: Yes, cultivator has an advantage as its use saves time as well as labour by digging into a considerable area at the same time.
Q.13. Some grass is growing in a wheat field. What will it be known as?
Ans: Grass growing in a wheat field is unwanted, thus it will be known as weed.
Q.14. Why the Soil is loosened before seeds are sown?
Ans: The soil is loosened before seeds are sown because it allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil and also helps the roots to breathe.
Q.15. Name the applied branch of biology that deals with plants as well as animals.
Ans: Agriculture is the applied branch of biology which involves the practice of cultivating crops as well as rearing animals.
Q.16. Explain the meaning of crop.
Ans: The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at one place is called a crop.
Q.17. How are the grains stored?
Ans: The grains are Stored in jute bags or metallic bins by farmers. At large scale, grains are stored in silos and granaries to protect them from pests.
Q.18. Write some useful tools in ploughing and levelling.
Ans: Some tools useful in ploughing and levelling are wooden plough, iron-plough, soil plank, etc.
Q.19. A farmer uses dried neem leaves to store his grains in a metallic container. Give reason.
Ans: Dry neem leaves protect the stored food grains from pests such as insects and microorganisms. This is the reason why farmer used them.
Q.20. Do weedicides have any effect on the person handling the weedicides sprayer?
Ans: Weedicides are the chemical that are used to control the growth of weeds (unwanted plants in the field). These weedicides may affect the health of farmers, so the farmers are advised to take precautionary measures like covering mouth and nose.
Q.21. What are organic foods?
Ans: The crops that are cultivated using organic, substances like manures, etc. and prohibit the use of harmful chemical substances like fertilisers, pesticides, weedicides, etc. are called organic foods.
Q.22. If a person is a pisciculturist, what does he do?
Ans: If the person is a pisciculturist, he does the breeding, hatching and rearing of fishes.
Q.23. Is there any advantage of sowing seeds at appropriate distance?
Ans: Yes, the advantage of sowing seeds at appropriate distance is that it prevents overcrowding of plants.
Q.24. You might have seen the farmer transferring the seedlings of paddy into the field from a nursery. Give the name of this process.
Ans: The process of transferring the seedings from the nursery to the main field by hand or manually is called seed transplantation.
Q.25. Give the names of some common insecticides.
Ans: BHC (gammaxane), malathion and dyston are some common examples of insecticide.
Q.26. Since we all need food; how can we provide food to a large number of people in our country?
Ans: Food has to be produced on a large scale. In order to provide food for a large population, regular production, proper management and distribution of food is necessary.
Q.27. Some crops can tolerate standing water while some cannot. Give examples of each.
Ans: Crops that can tolerate standing water are cotton, groundnut and that cannot, are wheat, and gram.
Q.28. Define animal husbandry. Write the names of some food materials provided by animals.
Ans: The process of rearing animals by providing them proper food, shelter and care is called animal husbandry.
Some food materials provided by animals are eggs, milk, meat, honey, etc.
Q.29. Fishes are considered good for health. Give reason.
Ans: Fishes are good for health because they are highly nutritious and rich in vitamin-A and vitamin-D. They are an important source of animal food in coastal areas.
Q.30. Have you heard of milch animals? What are they?
Ans: The animals producing milk are called milch animals, e.g., cow.
Q.31. Name one government agency which is involved in procuring food grains from farmers and storing them.
Ans: Food Corporation of India (FCI) is the Government Agency which procures food grains from the farmers.
Q.32. Drip irrigation is considered advantageous over other methods of irrigation. Do you agree? Explain.
Ans: Yes, in drip irrigation method, water is released drop by drop near the roots of plants. It is thus considered advantageous over other methods as there is no wastage of water and it is also economical.
Q.33. Which activity of the farmer can promote growth of earthworms and microbes in the field?
Ans: Ploughing of the soil during soil preparation creates aeration and loosen the soil which promotes earthworms and microbes to grow and release nutrients in soil.
Q.34. Name two weeds that are commonly found in rice and wheat fields.
Ans: Amaranthus (chaulai) and Chenopodium (bathua) are commonly found weeds in rice and wheat fields.
Q.35. Terms related to agricultural practices are given below. Rearrange them in the correct sequence.
harvesting, sowing, manuring, tilling and ploughing, irrigation, weeding.
Ans: The correct sequence in the series of agricultural practices is
Tilling and ploughing → sowing → manuring → irrigation → weeding → harvesting
Q.36. Name the tool used for manual harvesting.
Ans: Sickle is used for manual harvesting.
Q.37. Mohan wants to practice crop rotation in his field. Suggest a rabi crop and a kharif crop which will replenish his field with nitrogen. Which crop replenishes nitrogen and why?
Ans: Rabi crops are wheat, pea, mustard while kharif crops are maize, paddy (rice) or soybean. These are grown in different seasons and therefore can very well be rotated alternatively. Pea and soybean are leguminous plants which harbour bacteria, i.e., Rhizobium in their nodules, thus help in fixing nitrogen. These nitrogen fixing plants can replenish nitrogen in the field and hence Mohan can easily practice crop rotation.
Q.38. Chemical substances are added to soil. How do they differ from manure on the basis of their formation?
Ans: Fertilisers are chemical substances that have a particular plant nutrient in concentrated form. They differ from manure on the basis of formation as these are produced in factories while manure can be prepared by farmer himself on the fields.
Q.39. Farmers in Northern India grow legumes as fodder in one season and wheat in the next season.
(a) Give the name of this practice.
(b) Does this practice help in the replenishment of soil. How?
Ans: (a) This practice is known as crop rotation, where different crops especially leguminous and non-leguminous (wheat) are grown alternately in the same field.
(b) Yes, this practice helps in replenishment of soil by maintaining the level of nitrogen in the soil. The leguminous plants fix atmospheric nitrogen to be used by the plants.
Q.40. Leguminous plants do not require nitrogenous fertilisers. Why is it so?
Ans: The planting of a leguminous crop in a field has the same effect as adding nitrogenous fertiliser in the field. They can fix atmospheric nitrogen themselves by using nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. Therefore, nitrogenous fertilisers are not required for growing leguminous plants.
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