Q.1. Define Adsorption
Q.2. Define Sorption.
Q.3. Write two applications of adsorption.
Q.4. Name the two types of adsorption phenomenon.
Q.5. Give reason why NH3 gas gets absorbed more readily than N2 gas on the surface of charcoal.
Q.6. Write the differences between physisorption and chemisorption with respect to the following:
(i) Specificity
(ii) Temperature dependence
(iii) Reversibility
(iv) Enthalpy change
Q.7. Giving appropriate examples, explain how the two types of processes of adsorption (physisorption and chemisorption) are influenced by the prevailing temperature, the surface area of adsorbent and the activation energy of the process?
Q.8. What is an adsorption isotherm? Describe Freundlich adsorption isotherm.
Q.9. How do the size of particles of adsorbent, pressure of gas and temperature influence the extent of adsorption.
Q.10. CO(g) and H2(g) react to give different products in the presence of different catalysts. Which ability of the catalyst is shown by these reactions?
Q.11. Write one difference of the following:
Homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis
Q.12. Give reasons for the following observation:
It is necessary to remove CO when ammonia is prepared by Haber's process.
Q.13. Define the following term: Shape selective catalysis
Q.14. What are biocatalysts? Give an example.
Q.15. Give an example of shape-selective catalyst'.
Q.16. Name the two groups into which phenomenon of catalysis can be divided. Give an example of each group with the chemical equation involved.
Q.17. Write one similarity between physisorption and chemisorption.
Q.18. Differentiate between adsorption and absorption.
Q.19. Physisorption is reversible while chemisorption is irreversible. Why?
Q.20.
What is the effect
of temperature on chemisorption?
Q.21. Why is adsorption always exothermic?
Q.22. What type of forces are responsible for the occurrence of physisorption?
Q.23. Of physisorption or chemisorption, which has a higher enthalpy of adsorption?
Q.24. Out of NH3 and CO2, which gas will be adsorbed more readily on the surface of activated charcoal and why?
Q.25. Adsorption of a gas on surface of solid is generally accompanied by a decrease in entropy, still it is a spontaneous process. Explain.
Q.26. Physisorption is multi-layered, while chemisorption is mono-layered. Explain.
Q.27. Why is a finely divided substance more effective as an adsorbent?
Q.28. What are physisorption and chemisorption?
Q.29. Explain how the phenomenon of adsorption finds application in the following processes:
(i) Production of vacuum
(ii) Heterogeneous catalysis
Q.30. Write one difference between Solution and colloid.
Q.31. Write one difference between Lyophobic sol and lyophilic sol.
Q.32. What type of colloid is formed when a liquid is dispersed in a solid? Give an example.
Q.33. What type of colloid is formed when a solid is dispersed in a liquid? Give an example.
Q.34. What type of colloid is formed when a gas is dispersed in a liquid? Give an example.
Q.35. Write the main reason for the stability of colloidal sols.
Q.36. Out of BaCl2 and KCl, which one is more effective in causing coagulation of a negatively charged colloidal sol? Give reason.
Q.37. Write the dispersed phase and dispersion medium of butter.
Q.38. In reference to surface chemistry, define dialysis.
Q.39. Define Electrophoresis
Q.40. Give one example of (i) sol and (ii) gel.
Q.41. What are lyophobic and lyophilic sols. Give one example of each.
Q.42. What are the dispersed phase and dispersion medium in milk?
Q.43. Name of the temperature above which the formation of micelles takes place.
Q.44. Based on the type of dispersed phase, what type of colloid is micelles.
Q.45. Which aerosol depletes ozone layer?
Q.46. To which colloidal system does milk belong?
Q.47. Which complex ion is formed when undecomposed AgBr is washed with hypo solution in photography?
Q.48. Define peptization.
Q.49. How can a colloidal solution and true solution of the same colour be distinguished from each other.
Q.50. How is a sol different from an emulsion?
Q.51. Define the term 'Tyndall effect'.
Q.52. What happens when
(a) a freshly prepared precipitate of Fe(OH)3 is shaken with a small amount of FeCl3 solution?
(b) persistent dialysis of a colloidal solution is carried out?
Q.53. Write one difference between each of the following:
(i) Multimolecular colloid and macromolecular colloid
(ii) Sol and gel
Q.54. Write one difference in each of the following:
(a) Multimolecular colloid and associated colloid
(b) Coagulation and peptization
Q.55. Write the chemical method by which Fe(OH)3 sol is prepared from FeCl3.
Q.56. (i) Out of MgCl2 and AlCl3, which one is more effective in causing coagulation of negatively charged sol and why?
(ii) Out of sulphur sol and proteins, which one forms multimolecular colloids?
Q.57. Give reasons for the following observations:
(i) Leather gets hardened after tanning.
(ii) Lyophilic sol is more stable than lyophobic sol.
Q.58. (i) Based on type of particles of dispersed phase, give one example each of associated colloid and multimolecular colloid
(ii) Write an important characteristic of lyophilic sols.
Q.59. Define the following terms:
(i) Peptization
(ii) Sol
Q.60. Write the dispersed phase and dispersion medium of the following colloidal systems:
(i) Smoke
(ii) Milk
Q.61. What is the difference between multimolecular and macromolecular colloids? Give one example of each.
Q.62. How are the following colloidal solutions prepared?
(a) Sulphur in water
(b) Gold sol
Q.63. Explain the following terms giving one example for each.
(i) Micelles
(ii) Aerosol
Q.64. Explain the cleaning action of soap. Why do soaps not work in hard water?
Q.65. (i) Same substances can act both as colloids and crystalloids. Explain.
(ii) What will be the charge on AgI colloidal particles when it is prepared by adding small amount of AgNO3 solution to KI solution in water? What is responsible for the development of this charge.
Q.66. Define the following terms giving an example of each:
(i) Emulsion
(ii) Hydrosol
Q.67. Name an emulsion in which water is a dispersed phase.
Q.68. Explain the following:
Artificial rain is caused by spraying salt over clouds.
Q.69. What is the difference between oil/water (O/W) type and water/oil (W/O) type emulsions? Given an example of each type.
Q.70. State one application of emulsification.
Q.71. What are different types of emulsifications? Give one example of each type.
Q.72. Give reasons for the following observation:
A delta is formed at the meeting point of sea water and river water.
Q.73. Define Coagulation of colloids.
Q.74. Name any method by which coagulation of lyophobic sols can be carried out.
Q.75. Define Reversible sols
Q.76. Define the following terms:
(i) Lyophilic colloid
(ii) Zeta potential
(iii) Associated colloids
Q.77. Define Brownian movement.
Q.78. Explain what is observed when:
(i) A beam of light is passed through a colloidal solution.
(ii) NaCl solution is added to hydrated ferric oxide sol.
(iii) Electric current is passed through a colloidal solution.
Q.79. What is meant by coagulation of a colloidal solution? Describe briefly any three methods by which coagulation of lyophobic sols can be carried out.
Q.80. Classify colloids where the dispersion medium is water. State their characteristics and write an example of each of these classes.
Q.81. What happens when an emulsion is centrifuged?
Q.82. Write one difference between O/W emulsion and W/O emulsion
Q.83. Give one example each of 'oil in water' and 'water in oil' emulsion.
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